starrealtyma.com – Learning methodology is a way of carrying out activities between educators and students when interacting in the learning process. Educators need to know and study teaching methods so that they can convey material and be well understood by students.

Before a lecturer uses a method in the learning process, a teacher must first know several factors that must be used as a basis for consideration in selecting a learning method, namely:

• Guided by the Goals of Individual Differences of Students
• Master’s ability
• Nature of Learning Materials
• Class Situation
• Strengths and Weaknesses of the Method
• Complete Facilities

Types of Learning Methods Often Used by Teachers
Teaching methods are practiced when teaching and are made as attractive as possible so that students gain knowledge effectively and efficiently. The following are teaching methods in the learning process:

1. Conventional Learning Methods / Lecture Methods

One type of learning method that is often used is the lecture method. That is, this method is applied by lecturing or conveying information orally to students. This method is the most practical and economical method, does not require a lot of tools.

This method can be used to overcome the scarcity of literature or information reference sources because the purchasing power of students is out of reach. However, this method also has some advantages and disadvantages.

a. Disadvantages of Conventional Learning Methods

The following are the disadvantages of the lecture learning method, namely:

• Students become passive.
• The learning process is boring and students are sleepy.
• There is an element of compulsion to listen.
• Students with a visual learning style will be bored and unable to receive information or knowledge, for children with an auditory learning style this may be quite interesting.
• Evaluation of the learning process is difficult to control, because there are no clear achievement points.
• The teaching process becomes verbalism or focuses on understanding words only.

b. Advantages of Conventional Learning Methods

Meanwhile, the advantages of the lecture learning method include:

• Encourage students to be more focused.
• The teacher can fully control the class.
• Teachers can deliver a wide range of lessons.
• Can be followed by a large number of students.
• Easy to implement.

2. Question and Answer Learning Method

The Question and Answer method is a teaching method that allows for direct communication that is two-way traffic, because at the same time there is dialogue between the teacher and students. The teacher asks the students answer or the students ask the teacher answers. In this communication, there is a direct reciprocal relationship between the teacher and students.

a. The advantages of the Question and Answer Learning Method

Following are the advantages of the question and answer method, including:

• Questions can attract and focus students’ attention.
• Stimulating students to train and develop thinking power, including memory power.
• Develop students’ courage and skills in answering and expressing opinions.

b. Weaknesses of the Question and Answer Learning Method

The following are the disadvantages of the question and answer method, including:

• Students feel afraid if the teacher is not able to encourage students to be brave by creating an atmosphere that is not tense.
• It is not easy to make questions that are appropriate to the level of thinking and easy for students to understand.
• Often wastes a lot of time.
• Lack of time to ask questions to all students.

3. Demonstration Learning Method

Demonstration and experiment methods are very effective teaching methods, because they help students to find answers on their own based on true facts. The demonstration in question is a teaching method that shows how the process of something happening.

The demonstration method is a fairly effective teaching method because it helps students to get answers by observing a particular process or event.

a. Advantages of Demonstration Learning Methods

Following are the advantages of the demonstration method, including:

• Avoid verbalism.
• Students more easily understand what is learned.
• The teaching process is more interesting.
• Students are stimulated to actively observe, adapt theory to reality and try to do it themselves.

b. Weaknesses of Demonstration Learning Methods

The following are the disadvantages of the demonstration method, including:

• Requires special teacher skills.
• Lack of facilities.
• takes a long time.

4. Discussion Learning Method

The discussion method is a teaching method that is closely related to learning problem solving. This method is also usually done in groups or group discussions.

The Discussion Method takes the form of regularly exchanging information, opinions and elements of experience with the intention of obtaining the same, clearer and more thorough understanding of something or to prepare and finalize a joint decision.

a. Advantages of Conventional Learning Methods Discussion

Following are the advantages of the discussion method, including:

• Stimulate the creativity of students in the form of ideas, ideas, crafts and new breakthroughs in problem solving.
• Develop mutual respect for the opinions of others.
• Widening knowledge.
• Fostering the habit of deliberation in solving a problem.

b. Weaknesses of the Discussion Learning Method

The following are the disadvantages of the discussion method, including:

• It takes a long time.
• Cannot be used for large groups.
• Participants receive limited information.
• Mastered by people who like to talk or want to stand out.

5. Field Trip Learning Methods

A variety of learning methods that are often used is the field trip learning method. Field-trip method, field trip here means visits outside the classroom. So the field trip above does not take place far from school and does not require a long time. Field trips for a long time and in distant places are called study tours.

a. Advantages of Field Trip Learning Methods

Following are the advantages of the field trip method:

• Have modern teaching principles by utilizing the real environment.
• Make relevance between what is learned with the needs in society.
• Stimulate student creativity.
• Study material is broader and actual.

b. Weaknesses of Field Trip Learning Methods

The following are the weaknesses of the field trip method, including:

• Lack of facilities.
• Need careful planning.
• Coordination is needed so that time does not overlap.
• Ignoring the element of study.
• Difficulty managing large numbers of students.